Wednesday, 27 March 2013

Review HIV Bill, Civil Society actors demand


Members of the Civil Society Coalition working on HIV and human rights have appealed to parliament to re-draft Uganda’s HIV Prevention and Control Bill 2010 before it is passed into law.
The 40 organizations, which include; The AIDS support Organization (TASO), Uganda Network on Law, Ethics and HIV/AIDS (UGANET) and Uganda Young Positives (UYP), want Uganda’s bill to emphasize prevention whilst embracing comprehensive HIV management for all those in need. 

These demands follow President Museveni’s assenting to the East African Community HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management Act as a binding law on management of HIV in the region. The bill was passed into law by the East African Legislative Assembly (EALA) on April 23, 2012.
The new law provides for a range of measures to promote access to HIV-related health care for vulnerable populations, including the fishing community and long distance truck drivers, through access to appropriate and accessible HIV information, testing and post-test counseling. The legal provision also prevents discrimination of those affected by HIV.
“There is no comprehensive legal framework in Uganda to provide for management, prevention and control of the spread of HIV, care and treatment of persons living with HIV from discrimination because the existing framework falls short of these,” said Dorah Kiconco Musinguzi, the executive director of UGANET, during a press conference last week.
She explains that these provisions should be included in Uganda’s indigenous law.
“By appending his signature to the HIV Prevention and Management Bill 2012, the President has shown his unwavering commitment and support for strong leadership and an enabling legal and human rights environment that are critical to make gains in HIV prevention,” Musinguzi added.

Joshua Magawa Wamboga, a team leader at TASO, also wants the Ugandan law to commit the state to ensuring that prevention and treatment services are available to all Ugandans.
The East African Community HIV and Aids Prevention and Management Act will soon become a guiding procedure for the region.
Uganda’s proposed HIV bill is wrought with weaknesses ranging from mandatory HIV testing and disclosure of status to third parties. This provision leads to another provision that criminalizes attempted and intentional HIV transmission, but it leaves out room for unintentional infections.
“With compulsory testing, if someone is found with virus [HIV-positive], they are held responsible for transmitting it … which is why people are running from knowing their status,” Wamboga said.
The organizations also want MPs to delete all provisions for mandatory testing except under court order. They also want support for amendments that prevent stigma and discrimination on declaration of one’s HIV/Aids status.
The organizations also want the bill to be re-titled, ‘The HIV/Aids Management bill’ to make it holistic and rights-enhancing.

Sunday, 24 March 2013

Now Sciences can be revised in puzzles-thanks to Sembatya



The thought of revising Biology, Chemistry and Physics in form of a puzzle seemed bizarre the first time I had it. Having learned to pen hundreds of summaries during high school, it would never have crossed my mind, even in a thousand years, that there could be an option of revising these tough subjects by simply filling in a puzzle.
But currently, with the Valerie puzzle books that cost shs.10, 000, it is possible. The books that are only available for the Science subjects are the brainchild of Rosey Sembatya, the proprietor of Malaika Educare Uganda Ltd that offers education related solutions like revision, looking for a school after UNEB and holiday lessons.
She spoke to me about the concept of puzzles as revision and below are the excerpts of the interview.

How did you develop the idea of setting subjects in form of puzzles as a revision method?
I was inspired by Valerie Nanyonjo, now a senior five student at Nabisunsa Girls Secondary School. During her senior three and four, I learnt that she was struggling with the Biology subject despite the fact that she used to read. As our friendship developed, an idea sparked in my mind. I thought; ‘what if looking into a book is not enough?’ In 2012, I conceived and worked upon the idea of developing puzzle books because it presents a different idea of revising using play. Over the years, play has been taken out of education yet it is an important aspect of especially among children.
What were your objectives behind starting this project?
I set out to make learning playful and by creating puzzles. For a subject like biology which has 40 compulsory objectives in Section A. If a child has understood a concept through puzzles, you find that he/she is more likely to score about 30 in Section A; thus a child has already moved from the F9.
Which effort did you insert in compiling the puzzles?
Together with Deo Okoche and Francis Wangi, both Biology teachers, collected, the Biology syllabus, read it and packaged it into puzzles. This took about two months and all the while, I had to take longer hours at work.
Why Sciences only?
There is cloud of mystery around the science subjects. Many do not think there is any play in them. I thought that by creating something puzzle it would help add play in the Sciences. Puzzles present the work that a child studies in a less serious but beneficial way.
Sciences have not been performed well in a long time and I thought this should be able to make the children love them because it is interactive.
An incomplete puzzle haunts a child because there is always satisfaction that comes with completing it.
Any plans of the Arts on board?
No!
To which schools have these books been distributed?
We have approached and distributed the books to teachers in St. Joseph’s Secondary School-Naggalama, Buddo SS, Lubiri SS and parents from Gayaza and Seeta High schools who have bought individual copies.
Any plans of distributing them to rural areas?
Yes I do. I am hoping that I get sponsorship to take the books to rural schools at a great discount; probably selling it at shs 3000.
Where can the books be bought?
We are in talks with Aristoc Booklet to have the books displayed on their shelves. We have so far distributed copies to bookshops-Angelina and Gastro along Sir Apollo Kaggwa.
What challenges are you experiencing in making the books gain ground?
This is a new system to parents and some of them do not quite understand why a child should revise using puzzles. This comes with laborious explanations to convince a person.
Sometimes, when we market the book to teachers, they ask where are the answers; but we did not want to include them because this would encourage copying thus befitting the purpose of the book. Want the books to ignite thought in a child.
How then are you going to ensure sustainability of the project?
With Valerie, it’s like a pilot because it is the first of its kind. We are still gauging our target audience (O’Level students) to see its impact. But considering that the world is changing, we need to keep inventing things so that we can give a child options.
What challenges are there in our revision system that may be sorted with puzzle revision?
The way we revise today, is as it has been for a long time. Students are still making summaries (which is not a bad thing). But through this book, we hope to create different ways of revising because even if one is tired, he or she can play with a puzzle so that you feel that the system is not too rigid.
The summary way or revising works best with the Arts and there has not been anything for the Sciences really because they mainly have calculations; though we don’t have the mathematical one as yet.
Among the revision methods like discussions and summary making would you recommend and why?
I think each of them complements another because discussions help you learn from one another and check on what one has revised personally.
This concept has come at a time when children are resorting to searching for work on internet especially in rural areas. How are you going to ensure that this brand remains competitive in schools?
If something is playful, it will always be embraced. Considering that a child cannot spend all the time on internet, I am very optimistic that it will survive.
How are you going to ensure copyright over your work?
We have had a few challenges in some schools where they have duplicated the books but without our logos. However, we are trying to patent the concept
About Sembatya;
She was born to Fred and Joyce Sembatya and is a teacher by profession.  She attended Lake Side College in Luzira for O and A ‘Level where she majored in HEL/D later joining Makerere University and pursued a Bachelor in Education.
Here, she majored in Literature and minored in the English Language and taught briefly at Taibah College now Taibah International before joining Barclays Bank where she left in 2010 to start Malaika Educare.
As a foresight, Sembatya is determined and hopeful to make Malaika grow into a school that provides life skills outside academics.
ninsiima@observer.ug


Wednesday, 13 March 2013

World Bank calls for master’s scholarship applications


Are you looking for a scholarship to cover a year or two in a master’s programme in development?  The Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program’s (JJ/WBGSP) call for applications for the academic year 2013 is now open.
The scholarship, which is fully funded by the government of Japan targets promising mid-career professionals from developing countries working in development-related fields. Priority is considered for public sector employees, women and those from disadvantaged backgrounds.
 For eligibility, recipients must have several years of work experience and must commit to returning to their home country upon completion of their degree to apply their new skills for their country's development. Because the programme aims at capacity building of the participant’s home country, recipients are barred from working at the World Bank or International Monetary Fund (IMF) for three years following graduation.
The scholarship includes full tuition and fees, a monthly living stipend, and round-trip air tickets and travel allowance for a one or two year master's programme. This year’s application deadline is March 31. Further information on the eligibility requirements, selection criteria, suggested universities www.worldbank.org/scholarships. Applications are accepted in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese.

Background:
In 1987, the World Bank, with funding from the Government of Japan established the
World Bank Graduate Scholarship Programme for mid-career professionals to receive master's degrees in development-related topics at renowned universities around the world.
The programme, now in its 25th year, awards between 230 and 300 scholarships annually and has awarded 3,503 scholarships since its inception. Accordingly, the government of Japan has provided over $193.16m to the programme whose objective is to help create an international community of highly trained professionals working in the field of economic and social development in their home countries. The World Bank administers the programme through the World Bank Institute (WBI).

Million dollar project aims at zero new HIV infections among infants


Efforts to reduce HIV infections from mother to child and boost survival chances of HIV positive women received a major boost with the launch of a $2m (over Shs 5bn) initiative on Monday.
The initiative, ‘Optimizing access to simplified HIV treatment to reduce new HIV infection among children in Uganda’, will support national roll-out of Elimination of Mother to Child Transmission (EMTCT) Option B+.
This is a treatment prevention strategy that promotes Anti-Retroviral treatment for life for all HIV positive pregnant women, irrespective of their CD4 count.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Option B+ offers higher protection against mother to child transmission in future pregnancies and a prevention benefit against sexual transmission to HIV negative male partners in discordant relationships.
Launched by the Elizabeth Glaser Paediatric AIDS Foundation (EGPAF) with support from UNICEF, the project aims at complementing the already existing initiatives over the next two years.
“Uganda is still being plagued with a high burden of HIV and women aim disproportionately more affected than men,” said Dr Alex Opio, the assistant commissioner health services in the ministry of Health. “We are aiming at reducing vertical transmission (at birth) so that we can achieve zero new infections.” 

However, Opio was concerned that male involvement in the programme remains the biggest challenge in rolling out Option B+ as many men are reluctant to accompany their wives to health facilities. To involve them, the ministry has held awareness campaigns and is providing antenatal services outside working hours so that men are able to escort their women to the health facility.
Currently, over 5,000 women, mostly in south western Uganda, have been enrolled on option B+ with a target of 70,000 by the end of the year. The strategy has four prongs to ensure that no baby is born with HIV. These include prevention of HIV among women of child bearing age, prevention of unwanted pregnancies by provision of family planning methods, provision of drugs for positive women and care and support.
The programme will also target selected districts in Karamoja region (Abim, Kaabong, Amudat, Nakapiripirit and Napak), eastern Uganda (Kamuli, Iganga and Mayuge), north Eastern (Kween) and south western Uganda (Mitooma, Kabale, Bushenyi and Rukungiri).
The project will also increase access to high quality HIV services after ascertaining one’s HIV status. EGPAF President Charles Lyons said putting all HIV-infected pregnant women on treatment will help close this gap. 

Dr Edward Bitarakwate, the EGPAF country director said that many infants born with HIV are missing out because they are not started on treatment early (a contrast to the recent miracle baby who turned HIV negative in the US).  Option B+ has been considered to support HIV women live longer and prevent infection to their babies. In Uganda, Option B+ will officially be launched on March 22.
The new project is part of a two year grant to accelerate the introduction of Option B+ onto the existing PMTCT programmes in Cote d’Ivore, DRC, Malawi and Uganda. UNICEF is co-ordinating the project with the ministry of Health in these countries based on WHO guidelines.